Optimal Tilt Angle Calculator

Calculate the best panel tilt angle for your latitude and season.

Latitude (degrees) Positive values for Northern Hemisphere

Select City (Optional)

Optimization Goal

Tilt Angle Rules of Thumb

Annual Optimal

Tilt = Latitude (e.g., 40 latitude = 40 tilt)

Summer Optimal

Tilt = Latitude - 15 (captures high summer sun)

Winter Optimal

Tilt = Latitude + 15 (captures low winter sun)

Panel Orientation

Northern Hemisphere: Panels should face true south (180 azimuth).
Magnetic Declination: Adjust for local magnetic declination to find true south.
East/West Variation: 15-20 deviation typically loses only 5-10% production.